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William McDougall (Ontario politician)

Canadian Father of Confederation

William McDougallPC CB (January 25, 1822 – May 29, 1905) was a Canadian lawyer, politician, and one of the Fathers of Confederation.

Biography

William McDougall was born near York, Upper Canada (now Toronto, Ontario) to Daniel McDougall and Hannah Matthews. William was the third generation of United Empire Loyalists to settle in York. In 1793, his paternal great-great-grandparents were among the first twelve families to move to York along with 450 British troops. Those soldiers then built Fort York to protect against American invasion.

McDougall received his education at Victoria College in Cobourg, Upper Canada, and in 1847, began practicing law as an attorney and solicitor in Upper Canada. In 1862, he was called to the Upper Canada Bar.

In 1849, William McDougall's office in Toronto was the meeting place for the Clear Grit political movement. Other Clear Grit supporters included Peter Perry, David Christie, Charles Clarke, Charles Lindsey, and Malcolm Cameron. From 1850 to 1858, he p

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William McDougall (June 22, 1871 – November 28, 1938) was a British-born, Americanpsychologist who pioneered work in human instinctual behavior and the development of social psychology. McDougall believed human behavior to be based on three faculties—intellect, emotion, and will—which were under instinctual control. His belief that human beings consisted of both body and mind, and his investigation of the human soul and paranormal phenomena directly opposed the behaviorist approach that was dominant in American psychology during his time. He rejected behaviorism, publicly debating John B. Watson. causing his own reputation to suffer. McDougall's belief in eugenics was equally unpopular in the West. Yet, His desire was to advance a better human society by maximizing human potential on all levels. While he did not succeed, his efforts provided a strong foundation for others to research in ethology, parapsychology, and social psychology, thus contributing to the advancement of knowledge and ultimately toward the achievement of full human potential.

Life

McDougall was born o

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McDOUGALL, WILLIAM, lawyer, newspaper owner, journalist, politician, and office holder; b. 25 Jan. 1822 in York (Toronto), son of Daniel McDougall, a farmer, and Hannah Matthews; m. first 3 May 1845 Amelia Caroline Easton (d. 1869) in Hogg’s Hollow (Toronto), and they had eight sons, six of whom survived infancy, and three daughters; m. secondly 18 Nov. 1872 Mary Adelaide (Minnie) Beatty (d. 1934) in Cobourg, Ont., and they had three sons; d. 29 May 1905 in Ottawa.

Three factors in William McDougall’s formative years provided bearings by which he would navigate the tortuous path of his public life. First, his family valued education as elemental to its loyalist and Scottish heritage. Raised on a farm on Yonge Street north of York, William attended school in Toronto before entering Upper Canada Academy in Cobourg on 3 Nov. 1840. From this remarkable Methodist school, which became Victoria College in 1841, McDougall gained an advanced liberal education. After 1838 its board looked to an American model of practical and mo